16 results
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
Diabetic Retinopathy ... retinal ischemia causes ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #complications ... #pathophysiology
Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO)
 - Pathophysiology not fully understood; possibly due to thrombus located in
Occlusion (CRVO) - Pathophysiology ... Second most common cause ... disease (Most common cause ... : Diabetic retinopathy ... ) #Clinical #Ophthalmology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... out of cells may cause ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology ... endocrinology #diabetes
Diabetic Foot: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Polyol Pathway - Excess glucose enters Polyol pathway ->
Diabetic Foot: Pathogenesis ... Glycosylation - AGE cause ... #DiabeticFoot #pathophysiology ... #complications ... #Diabetes
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused ... changes and may cause ... severe clinical complications ... Poorly controlled diabetes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
hyalinization causes ... BRB breakdown causes ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... signs #symptoms #complications
Ocular Nystagmus in PSC BPPV after Dix Hallpike Maneuver

This is a case of posterior semicircular canal
after Dix Hallpike Maneuver ... This is a case ... posterior semicircular canal ... Dix #Hallpike #Maneuver ... #physicalexam #ophthalmology
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
For pituitary masses ... Signs / Symptoms / Complications ... Hyperprolactinemia • Diabetes ... Headaches • Nausea ... mnemonic #GLFTAP #pathophysiology
Hearing Loss - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Hearing Loss Types:
• Conductive
• Sensorineural
• Mixed
Presbycusis is the most common type
History of: • Diabetes ... Head and neck masses ... (80% to 90% of cases ... cause unknown) ... ○ Meningitis complications
Ocular Nystagmus in PSC BPPV after Dix Hallpike Maneuver

This is a case of right posterior semicircular
after Dix Hallpike Maneuver ... This is a case ... posterior semicircular canal ... Dix #Hallpike #Maneuver ... #physicalexam #ophthalmology