7924 results
Cotton Wool Spots

Caused by microinfarcts. Exploded ganglion cell axons extrude their axoplasm into retina. Long DDx:
Cotton Wool Spots ... Exploded ganglion cell ... #CottonWool #Spots ... ophthalmology #Clinical
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
Pathogenesis and clinical ... -> Endothelial cell ... lymphoma, sickle cell ... -> Cherry-red spot ... Retina • Ganglion cells
Bitot's Spots- A 4-year-old boy was brought by his father to the ophthalmology clinic with a
Bitot's Spots- A ... ophthalmology clinic ... photoreceptor cells ... #NEJM #clinical ... #ophth #bitot #spots
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Transcellular Shift Into Cells ... - Increased Cell ... K-ATPase which imports ... K+ into cells:
Sickle cells
These photos show sickle cells on peripheral blood smears. In the left photo target cells
Sickle cells These ... photos show sickle cells ... trait do very well clinically ... e.g. there were reports ... #Clinical #Path
Cellular and humoral immune responses of the adaptive immune system. Activated T cells accomplish cellular immune
Activated T cells ... responses, and B cells ... antigen activates B cells ... binding to the B-cell ... binding to the T-cell
Humoral Immunity - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Antigens (Ag) are produced from pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites)
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... Ag-presenting cells ... CD4+ helper T cells ... or plasma cells ... ) • Plasma cells
Schistocytes can assume a shape resembling natural or man-made objects such as arrowheads, fish, collar buttons,
point to helmet cells ... are a teardrop cell ... , 2 blister cells ... ), and 2 burr cells ... #Clinical #Path
Inflammatory mechanism of asthma. 
Airway epithelial cells exposed to activation stimuli, including allergens, viruses, and irritants,
Airway epithelial cells ... promote dendritic cell ... These T cells then ... induce B-cell class ... induce goblet cell
Hypersensitivity Types and Their Mechanisms
Type I - lgE - Soluble antigen
 - Allergen-specific lgE antibodies bind
antibodies bind to mast cells ... activation and cell ... with cytotoxic T cells ... natural killer cells ... - Red blood cell