14 results
Common Etiologies of Cirrhosis

Inflammation

 - Hepatitis B (15 percent)

 - Hepatitis C (47 percent)

 - Schistosomiasis
congenital - Primary ... biliary cirrhosis ... #Differential # ... Hepatology #Cirrhosis ... #Causes
Hepatomegaly - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Malignant
 • Primary Carcinoma
 • Metastases
 • Lymphoma
 • Leukemia
 • Polycythemia
Non-Malignant • Fatty Liver ... Hemochromatosis • Wilson's Disease ... • Budd-Chiari Syndrome ... Biliary Cirrhosis ... #Causes #Hepatology
Ascites - Differential Diagnosis
Chronic liver disease (cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis) - 80%
Underlying malignancy - 10%
Congestive heart
Diagnosis Chronic ... liver disease ( ... cirrhosis or chronic ... hepatitis) - 80% ... #Diagnosis #hepatology
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
Clues to non-cirrhotic ... /acute hepatitis ... biliary cirrhosis ... #Diagnosis #causes ... #hepatology
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Elevated Liver Enzymes ... • Cholestatic disease ... • Others #LFTs ... #Hepatology #LiverEnzymes ... #Causes
Drug Induced Liver Injury (DILI) - Stepwise Diagnosis Algorithm
DILI suspicion
Features toxic aetiology: Skin involvement, Kidney injury,
DILI) - Stepwise Diagnosis ... non-essential drug/HDS treatments ... for alternative causes ... disease, Hepatic ... #Algorithm #hepatology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Primary Biliary ... 65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... Viral hepatitis, ... #Biliary #Cirrhosis ... #workup #hepatology
Causes of Ascites - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Portal Hypertension - Prehepatic:
 • Portal vein thrombosis
 • Splenic
- Hepatic: • Cirrhosis ... • Infiltrative disease ... • Acute liver ... biliary cholangitis ... #Hepatology #causes
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Vascular Causes ... < 1 • Cirrhosis ... #hepatology
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
INR > 1.5 • Encephalopathy ... < 1 • Cirrhosis ... #chemistry #diagnosis ... #differential # ... Hepatology #transaminitis