23 results
Testing for Diabetes Type II
 - 
Hemoglobin A1c test
 - Random blood sugar test
 - Fasting
Type II - Hemoglobin ... tolerance test #Type2 ... #Prediabetes #Classification ... #Testing #A1c # ... Glucose #Laboratory #Endocrinology
Cryoglobulinemia Summary

Cryoglobulins:
 • Cryoglobulins are Igs in the serum that precipitate in vitro at temperatures below
• Autoimmune diseases ... Types: • Type ... • Low serum C4 complement ... • Vasculitis ... #classification
Hypersensitivity Types and Their Mechanisms
Type I - lgE - Soluble antigen
 - Allergen-specific lgE antibodies bind
Hypersensitivity Types ... antigen, leading to complement ... during hemolytic disease ... Complement activation ... #Classification
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
(Granulomatous disease ... atherosclerotic disease ... most important diseases ... against MPO • Complement ... #rheumatology #classification
Summary table of types of hypersensitivity reactions. 
Type 1
 - Mediators: lgE
 - Antigen Form: Soluble
Summary table of types ... antigens, leading to complement ... reaction, Haemolytic disease ... they activate complement ... allergy #table #classification
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
staining): • Low Complement ... Idiopathic • Normal Complement ... involvement: Anti-GBM Disease ... Glomerulonephritis #Vasculitis ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Consider sickle cell disease ... cardiac valve, vasculitis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... workup #hematology #testing
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
3 Types of Cold ... Cryoglobulins (Vasculitic ... Positive Coombs testing ... post infectious setting ... temperatures by fixing complement
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
Clinical Classification ... protein receptor type ... activin A receptor type ... neurofibromatosis, vasculitis ... Hypertension #PHTN #Classification
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
Recommended initial testing ... for glomerular disease ... or alternative complement ... for ANCA-related vasculitis ... cryoglobulinemias (types