29 results
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
Diagnosis and workup ... MRI, iADL scale, ... Aphaso-apraxo-agnosia syndrome ... - 25% genetic component ... MNCD #Dementia #Differential
Syncope Diagnostic Testing and Evaluation: Cost Effectiveness
Frequency obtained - Abnormal findings - Helped determine etiology of
syncope Tests: ECG ... , Carotid U/S, EEG ... , Brain MRI, Cardiac ... Syncope #diagnosis #workup ... Effectiveness #table
Initial Clinical and Laboratory Data Base for Defining Major Syndromes in Nephrology

#Major #Syndromes #Nephrology #Diagnosis #Workup
Defining Major Syndromes ... Nephrology #Major #Syndromes ... Nephrology #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Differential # ... Table
Myocarditis - Diagnosis and Causes
 • Clinical presentation: Pseudo-acute coronary syndrome, Cardiac failure <3 rnonths, Cardiogenic
Pseudo-acute coronary syndrome ... Recent flu-like syndrome ... Paraclinical assessment: EKG ... #Myocarditis #differential ... Causes #cardiology #MRI
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Hypertension - Differential ... CT or MRI scan of ... • Cushing’s syndrome ... Causes #Screening #Workup ... #table
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
- Gitelman syndrome ... - Hungry bones syndrome ... Hypomagnesemia #Differential ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes #Workup
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Workup ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Workup
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
Hyponatremia - Differential ... - Cirrhosis Syndrome ... - Malignancy (e.g ... #Hyponatremia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Table
Algorithm for the Evaluation of Chronic Diarrhea (< 7 days)
Exclude:
1. Causes of acute diarrhea
2. Lactose intolerance
3.
Irritable bowel syndrome ... barium, CT, or MR ... Malabsorption syndromes ... management #algorithm #workup ... #diagnosis #differential
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup ... and Differential ... with previously stable ... #Hypertension #Workup ... #causes #Differential