12 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Diagnosis and Workup ... Repeat the sodium ... • nephrotic syndrome ... Hypernatremia #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
Diagnosis and workup ... the diagnostic workup ... MRI, iADL scale, ... Aphaso-apraxo-agnosia syndrome ... - 25% genetic component
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Oral sodium loading ... CT or MRI scan of ... • Cushing’s syndrome ... Mineralocorticoid excess syndromes ... Causes #Screening #Workup
One and a Half Syndrome on Physical Exam

This 28 year old patient presented to clinic with
One and a Half Syndrome ... One and a Half Syndrome ... MRI was ordered ... clinical #video #ophthalmology ... #neurology
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Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)
Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: 1
Guillain-Barré Syndrome ... peripheral nerve components ... demyelinating or axonal • MRI ... - Spinal MRI may ... Guillain #Barre #Syndrome
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
• Acute stroke syndromes ... Paraneoplastic syndrome ... dystrophies Work ... EMG) studies • MRI ... Differential #Diagnosis #neurology
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
Stiff Person Syndrome ... Stiff Person Syndrome ... antibody that works ... others (botox, sodium ... Management #treatment #neurology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
3 questions to work ... demyelination syndrome ... Treatment #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Orbital Apex Syndrome secondary to Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus (HZO)

This 81 yo male was referred to our
Orbital Apex Syndrome ... The MRI findings ... Orbital Apex Syndrome ... clinical #video #ophthalmology ... #physicalexam #neurology
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