13 results
Differential Diagnosis of Syncope
First, is it syncope? History is very important for distinguishing syncope from other
Differential Diagnosis ... , post-ictal confusion ... #Diagnosis #EM # ... Neuro #IM #Sycope ... #Algorithm #Ddxof
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
2) Presence of symptoms ... (HA, nausea, confusion ... #EM #IM #Nephro ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #Ddxof
Pathyophysiology - hyperglycemic crises in patients with diabetes 
Key signs/symptoms of HHS/DKA:
Both: Polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss,
Pathyophysiology ... diabetes Key signs ... /symptoms of HHS ... Pathophys #EM #IM ... Endo #DKA #HHS #Ddxof
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
: Commonly no signs ... Disorientation, Delirium, Confusion ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis ... #endocrinology ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm True ... /signs, bidirectional ... • Cerebellar Contusion ... #Algorithm #Causes
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
extrapulmonary cases ... Clinical Signs ... years - May have signs ... decreased reflexes Pathophysiology ... intervention CMC IM
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
• Other rare causes ... Overproduction #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
out of cells may cause ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... ) • Weakness confusion ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Bullous Pemphigoid - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Pathophysiology: Autoantibody-mediated damage to epithelial basement membrane -> separation of
Management Summary Pathophysiology ... dermis Clinical Signs ... /Symptoms/Exam findings ... - Erosions and crusts ... feasible CMC IM
Cullen's sign. Lipase 1,781. Bruising in the skin around the umbilicus. This sign is named after
conditions that cause ... Pathophysiology: ... pregnancy, or other causes ... onset of other symptoms ... #peritonitis #IM