11 results
Severe Mitral Stenosis- The physical examination revealed a right parasternal heave, a loud S1, a midpeaking
upper sternal border ... LA denotes left atrium ... The left atrium ... clinical #doppler #radiology ... #NEJM #mitral #
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
based on TTE, TEE, CT ... non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... Embolism #diagnosis #differential ... scoring #criteria #cardiology
Causes of Severe Aortic Regurgitation - Differential Diagnosis
Acute:
 • Leaflet: Traumatic Rupture, Acute Infective Endocarditis, Acute
Regurgitation - Differential ... Acute Infective Endocarditis ... Acute Prosthetic Valve ... Infection: Infective Endocarditis ... Diagnosis #Causes #cardiology
Tricuspid Valve Endocarditis on POCUS Echocardiogram

Patient with active IVDU presents with fever, sepsis.  More likely
Tricuspid Valve ... Endocarditis on ... POCUS Echocardiogram ... septic emboli (see CT ... #clinical #cardiology
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
sclerosis (both heart valve ... of developing atrial ... mmHg developed atrial ... • Infective Endocarditis ... Pathophysiology #causes #cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
• Prosthetic valve ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Influenza Prosthetic Valve ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... #management #cardiology
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
disease Infective endocarditis ... vegetations)/tumor (left atrial ... myxoma)/ball valve ... Causes #diagnosis #differential ... #cardiology
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... • Prosthetic valve ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... #Endocarditis #Differential ... #Diagnosis #cardiology
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Infective/marantic endocarditis ... plane into left atrium ... parachute mitral valve ... Primary #Functional #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Cardiac LV Thrombus on Echocardiogram (A4C)
48 year old woman in ICU for acute ischemic limb. PMHx
LV Thrombus on Echocardiogram ... are not POCUS: serial ... , cardiac MRI, CT ... are all of some value ... A4C #clinical #cardiology