11 results
Xeropthalmia: Pathogenesis and Ocular Manifestations

Decr Visual pigment -> Keratinization, thickening & non-wetting of the conjunctiva
production -> Corneal ... conjunctiva and cornea ... blindness) • Corneal ... dryness of the cornea ... #diagnosis #signs
Atraumatic Red Eye - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Lids / Orbit / Lacrimal System:
 • Blepharitis
 • Stye
Algorithm Lids ... Orbital Cellulitis Ocular ... Conjunctivitis • Corneal ... • Keratitis/Corneal ... #Ophthalmology
Orbital Cellulitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Definitions:
a. Chemosis: Edema of the bulbar conjunctiva
b. Panopthalmitis: inflammation of all
Impaired extra-ocular ... Proptosis -> Exposes cornea ... -> Corneal drying ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Chronic Vision Loss by Anatomic Location - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cornea:
 • Keratoconus
 • Stromal Scaring
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Cornea ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes ... #Ophthalmology
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Red ... papilledema • Horner ... • Meningeal signs ... #Algorithm #neurology
Strabismus - Ocular Misalignment - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Phoria:
 • Latent deviation
 • Symmetrical corneal light reflex,
Strabismus - Ocular ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Phoria ... • Symmetrical corneal ... #Ophthalmology
Ptosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Ptosis (Greek- to fall) Drooping of the upper eyelid that usually results
- Differential Diagnosis ... Neurogenic Ptosis - Neurologic ... nerve palsy • Horner ... Syndrome #Ptosis #neurology ... #ophthalmology
Diplopia - Double Vision - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical Pearls:
 • Diplopia is almost always binocular.
 •
Algorithm Clinical ... • Neurologic ... Functional • Corneal ... #Algorithm #Causes ... #Ophthalmology
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
hypothalamus, and visual cortex ... meningeal irritation signs ... glaucoma - Ocular ... #ophthalmology ... #Neurology
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
the bilateral cortex ... light reflex • Corneal ... • Vestibulo-ocular ... • Examine for signs ... #PhysicalExam #neurology