9 results
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
- Differential ... papilledema • Horner ... • Meningeal signs ... #Differential # ... neurology #PHANTOMS #mnemonic
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
- Differential ... hypothalamus, and visual cortex ... meningeal irritation signs ... glaucoma - Ocular ... #differential #
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
A good mnemonic ... Signs / Symptoms ... pituitary hormones • Headaches ... endocrinology #mnemonic ... #GLFTAP #pathophysiology
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Heat Stroke - Differential ... Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... → Syncope • Signs ... sensations - Headache ... Disorientation, Headache
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
ulceration • Ocular ... CNS symptoms (headache ... Behcet disease) Differential ... diagnosis #management #signs ... #symptoms #rheumatology
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Vasculitis - Differential ... purpura: Strong sign ... 50 years • New headache ... Progressive symptoms of headache ... #Diagnosis #Rheumatology
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
Infections in HIV - Differential ... • CT: Halo sign ... cough, myalgias, headache ... Burnetii: • Fever, headache ... #diagnosis #infectiousdiseases
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
consciousness Differential ... • Mutism Pathophysiology ... the bilateral cortex ... • Vestibulo-ocular ... • Examine for signs
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
cough, chills, headache ... pulmonary symptoms • Rheumatologic ... Aspergillosis Pathophysiology ... osteoarticular, pulmonary, ocular ... ) #Mycoses #InfectiousDiseases