848 results
COVID-19 Life Cycle

#COVID19 #LifeCycle #Timeline #Pathophysiology #Diagnosis
Cycle #COVID19 #LifeCycle ... #Timeline #Pathophysiology
Primary vs Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency - Pathophysiology
Primary AI = adrenal glands themselves are the problem. This
Insufficiency - Pathophysiology ... This means cortisol ... stimulation, thus low cortisol ... Insufficiency #Pathophysiology
Nephron Physiology and Transporters
 • Proximal Tubule
 • Thick Ascending Limb
 • Distal Convoluted Tubule
 •
Convoluted Tubule • Cortical ... Duct #Nephron #pathophysiology
Adrenal Insufficiency Algorithm - Cosyntropin Stimulation Test
T-1m: Baseline cortisol drawn
T0: 250 µg cosyntropin given IV
T30m: Repeat
T-1m: Baseline cortisol ... IV T30m: Repeat cortisol ... drawn T60m: Final cortisol
Cushing Syndrome Testing Algorithm
INDICATIONS FOR TESTING:
 • Suspected Cushing syndrome (central obesity, muscle weakness, refractory hypertension)
Testing:
hypertension) Testing: • Cortisol ... Free Urine • Cortisol ... following morning: Cortisol ... , Serum (or Cortisol
Evaluation of Secondary Hypertension
 • Primary aldosteronism - PRA, PAC
 • Renal artery stenosis - Renal
Late-night salivary cortisol ... 24-h urine free cortisol
Adrenal Insufficiency Diagnosis Algorithm - Evaluation of HPA Axis Response to ACTH

Early am cortisol < 3
ACTH Early am cortisol ... Cosyntropin - Measure cortisol ... injection - If f/u cortisol
Diagnosis Adrenal Insufficiency - Algorithm

Step 1) Screening Test: 6-8AM Cortisol Level
 - Early morning cortisol levels
Screening Test: 6-8AM Cortisol ... Early morning cortisol ... Then, check cortisol ... - Peak cortisol
Vitamin deficiency causes clinical disease
Vitamin C deficiency causes scurvy.  Vitamin C is important for the
catecholamines and cortisol ... #Pathophysiology
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
glands with lack of cortisol ... RTA type IV) Cortisol ... • Myalgia Cortisol ... BP • ↓ Serum cortisol ... potassium, AM cortisol