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AAA is defined as a localized balloon-like dilatation of the abdominal aorta greater than 3cm. Risk
aorta greater than ... Risk factors include ... Due to the risk ... include pulsatile ... #Ultrasound #AAA
Aortoenteric Fistula - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
• Uncommon but life-threatening
• Most common site of bowel connection
Diagnosis and Management ... triad: Bleeding, abdominal ... , and palpable abdominal ... • Should be on differential ... #Summary #vascular
Aortic Dissection Pearls
Aortic dissection is caused by a tear in the tunica intima, the innermost layer
Assess for high risk ... valve disease ... Pulse deficit/differential ... Dissection #diagnosis #management ... #vascular
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
(>5%): - Aortic ... Severe Aortic stenosis ... and undergoing AAA ... or upper abdominal ... medical and surgical management
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
disorders: - Aortic ... regurgitation - Aortic ... with an increased risk ... • Increased risk ... Syndrome • Blunt Abdominal
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
Vasculitides - Differential ... and bullous or vesicular ... - GI tract: abdominal ... Supply gut -> abdominal ... LFT • ESR • ANA
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
and diplopia) • Vascular ... ) Differential Diagnosis ... • Nonsurgical abdominal ... Glucocorticoids 5-ASA ... Syndrome #diagnosis #management
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
< 30 years • Aorta ... pulse deficits vascular ... Arteritis): • Aorta ... tenderness - decreased pulsation ... gut involvement, abdominal
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Shock, Autoimmune disease ... Risk factors 3. ... cortical lesions • Vascular ... Reversible course Differential ... Syndrome #diagnosis #management