19 results
Tachypnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Definitions
 • Tachypnea: Respiratory rate > 20/min, shallow breathing in adults
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... 20/min, shallow breathing ... Pulmonary Causes ... • Asthma • COPD ... Pneumothorax • Upper airway
Stridor - Differential Diagnosis Framework:
High-pitched, variable respiratory sound

ETIOLOGIES:
Infectious:
 • Retropharyngeal abscess
 • Acute epiglottitis
 • Peritonsillar
- Differential Diagnosis ... High-pitched, variable respiratory ... Hemangiomas • Vocal cord ... #causes #pulmonary ... #airway #physicalexam
Paradoxical Respirations in Diaphragmatic Paralysis

Note the paradoxical movement of the abdomen during inspiration. The accessory inspiratory
This change causes ... direction and the anterior ... #Respirations #Breathing ... Clinical #Video #PhysicalExam ... #Pulmonary #Respiratory
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
because narrowed airways ... bronchitis, and COPD ... #Pulmonary #Abnormalities ... #Abnormal #Diagnosis ... #PhysicalExam
Massive Hemoptysis - Diagnosis and Management
 • Definitions: 
   - Hemoptysis = bleeding from
from below vocal cords ... Pseudo-hemoptysis = upper respiratory ... has potential to cause ... Management • Airway ... #pulmonary #criticalcare
Hoover's Sign

Hoover’s sign refers to inward movement of the lower rib cage during inspiration- instead of
paradoxically pulling the inferior ... Hoovers #Sign #Pulmonary ... #COPD #PhysicalExam ... Video #Clinical #Breathing ... #Paradoxical #Respiratory
Differential Diagnosis of Wheezing
 • Extrathoracic (wheezing Is typically inspiratory): Anaphylaxis, Vocal cord pathology, Laryngeal stenosis,
Differential Diagnosis ... wheezing Is typically inspiratory ... Anaphylaxis, Vocal cord ... Intrathoracic, upper airway ... #Causes #pulmonary
An Algorithm for the Diagnosis of Wheezing and Stridor

Stridor: Louder, constant-pitch sound over central airways
Wheezing: Musical
Algorithm for the Diagnosis ... sound over central airways ... Peribronchial pulmonary ... Stridor #Noisy #Breathing ... #algorithm #pulmonary
COPD Physical Exam Likelihood Ratios
Barrel Chest - LR 1.5
Pursed Lip Breathing - LR 2.7
Reduced breath sounds
1.5 Pursed Lip Breathing ... LR 11.8 Early inspiratory ... #PhysicalExam # ... LikelihoodRatios #LRs #diagnosis ... #pulmonary
COPD phenotypes:  Blue Bloaters vs. Pink Puffers
The two most stereotypical forms of COPD are pink
clearance and airway ... of breathing). ... patients present with respiratory ... airflow obstruction causes ... #Diagnosis #COPD