7 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... and Workup Step ... Repeat the sodium ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Workup
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... , Cushing syndrome ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
Diagnosis by Mechanism ... - Cirrhosis Syndrome ... hemorrhage) - Pulmonary ... e.g. pneumonia, COPD ... Table #Causes #Sodium
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... Stress, Nausea, Pulmonary ... UnremarkableLab #Hyponatremia ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... 3 questions to work ... demyelination syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #sodium
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
- Differential Diagnosis ... disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary ... of the spinal cord ... dystrophies Work ... #neurology
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
(SPS) - Diagnosis ... brain and spinal cord ... antibody that works ... others (botox, sodium ... Management #treatment #neurology