22 results
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) - Differential Diagnosis Table

Warm AIHA (48-70%)
Cold AHA (16-32%)
 • Donath-Landsteiner HA (paroxysmal
AIHA (48-70%) Cold ... HA (paroxysmal cold ... hemoglobinuria) • Cold ... Agglutinin Disease ... Diagnosis #Table #hematology
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cold Agglutinin ... of Cold Sensitive ... Cold Agglutinins ... sensitize red blood cells ... #hematology #diagnosis
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Autoimmune (AIHA)"Cold ... (e.g. primary cold ... agglutin disease ... e.g. sickle cell disease ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Expected DAT Results in Autoimmune Hemolysis
DAT Negative Hemolysis
 • DAT Poly ( - ), IgG (
in Autoimmune Hemolysis ... , C3d ( +/- ) Cold ... agglutinin disease ... ) Paroxysmal cold ... #hematology #diagnosis
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... Algorithm • Sickle cells ... Agglutination - Cold ... ARUPConsult @ARUPLabs #Hemolytic ... Algorithm #workup #hematology
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Treatment
Warm AIHA:
1) Steroids - 1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily
   • Until
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... > 10, no more hemolysis ... esp if severe disease ... azathioprine Cold ... Treatment #management #hematology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Microangiopathic Hemolytic ... Cell Agglutinate: Cold ... autoimmune hemolytic ... anemia, Paroxysmal cold ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Cold Urticaria
Prevalence - 0.05% in the population
Disease onset - Mostly 2nd to 4th decades of life
Causes
Cold Urticaria Prevalence ... skin contact with cold ... minutes after the cold ... 10.1111/all.14674 #Cold ... Urticaria #diagnosis #rheumatology
Differential Diagnosis for Hemolytic Anemia
Intrinsic Causes:
 • Enzyme deficiencies ex. G6PD, pyruvate kinase 
 • Hemoglobinopathies
Diagnosis for Hemolytic ... Causes: • Liver disease ... • AIHA: warm, cold ... udaygulati #Hemolytic ... classification #hematology
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Hemolysis - Differential ... Autoimmune: Warm AIHA, Cold ... , Drugs, Liver Disease ... Urobilinogen #Hemolysis ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology