19 results
Albuminuria (Grades) and Risk for CKD
Normal to mildly increased albuminuria:
 - Albumin excretion rate: < 30
of progressive kidney ... proteinuria: - Urine ... defined as nephrotic syndrome ... classification #CKD #nephrology ... #diagnosis #proteinuria
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
- Differential Diagnosis ... dip = no albuminuria ... • Fanconi's syndrome ... dip = albuminuria ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... and Differential Diagnosis ... • Cardio-renal syndrome ... imaging #Acute #Kidney ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Hematuria in Post-Renal Transplant Patient
Prevalence up to 12% in the postrenal transplant patient
 • Bacterial: Escherichia
(Goodpasture's syndrome ... ADPKD (Hemorrhagic cyst ... #differential #diagnosis ... #urine #management ... #treatment #nephrology
Urine Specific Gravity - Interpretation
Specific Gravity = Density of urine / Density of water
SG close to
Urine Specific Gravity ... 1.010: • Advanced kidney ... Dehydration • SIADH (syndrome ... Interpretation #diagnosis ... #differential #nephrology
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Turbid White Urine (Albinuria):
 • Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
- Differential Diagnosis ... (Albinuria): • ... Bag Syndrome - ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Kidney ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
↑ Aldosterone: Kidney ... excess, Liddle syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... differential #algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Patients with Cancer 

Cancer Related 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Intravenous contrast 
•
Acute Kidney Injury ... Light chain (LC) cast ... cyclophosphamide) #Acute #Kidney ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Classification #Nephrology
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... acute and chronic kidney ... of a cellular cast ... #Microscopy #nephrology ... interpretation #diagnosis