27 results
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
a stroke that caused ... FrozenShoulder #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... #signs #stages ... #staging #msk
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
S1 => Weakened stability ... hyperextension test ... (Stork test) ... Spondylolisthesis #MSK ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology
Humeral Avulsion of the Inferior Glenohumeral Ligament (HAGL)
 • Imaging Findings:
 • Large defect of the
HAGL) can be a cause ... instability from ... Differential diagnosis ... clinical #Radiology #diagnosis ... #msk
Shoulder Impingement Syndrome (SIS): Signs and Symptoms

Repetitive Overhead Activity, Scapular Dyskinesis -> Scapulohumeral mechanics become altered
+ Painful arc test ... pain + Hawkin's test ... Syndrome #SIS #diagnosis ... signs #symptoms #msk ... #pathophysiology
Non-Invasive Positive Pressure Ventilation
Indications: 
 • COPD exacerbation (↓ intubation, ↓ mortality), Cardiogenic pulmonary edema (↓
mortality), Other causes ... respiratory failure, DNI status ... trigger breath, Inability ... airway / remove mask ... #Ventilation #diagnosis
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... by the inability ... Then, ask 3 questions ... Assess volume status ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Hearing Loss - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Hearing Loss Types:
• Conductive
• Sensorineural
• Mixed
Presbycusis is the most common type
- Differential Diagnosis ... The evaluation should ... audiometry • Patients should ... Noise trauma ○ MS ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... Cast formation: ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Management #Summary #causes
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
- Differential Diagnosis ... - Dyspnea at rest ... activity, especially status ... depressed mental status ... #differential #diagnosis
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
peaks between the ages ... monophasic Pathophysiology ... negative, MOG-IgG test ... should be ordered ... • Infectious causes