9 results
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
interarticularis stress ... S1 => Weakened stability ... (Stork test) ... Spondylolisthesis #MSK #diagnosis ... pathophysiology #signs #symptoms
Liver Chemistry Tests - AST, ALT, Alkaline Phosphatase and Bilirubin Metabolism
AST and ALT:
 • AST: liver
cytoplasmic (CAST ... #Laboratory #Metabolism ... #ASTALT #AlkPhos ... #Bilirubin #Hepatology ... Pathophysiology #Diagnosis
Allopecia - Differential Diagnosis Framework for Hair Loss

Localized / Focal Hair Loss Pattern:
 • Scarring Alopecia:
- Differential Diagnosis ... disease • Pull test ... fungi Initial Laboratory ... Tests: • TSH ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Helicobacter Pylori Testing  Methods - Sensitivity and Specificity

Serology - 85% - 79% - Does not
Urea breath test ... at UCSF due to cost ... - Any red flag symptoms ... HPylori #Testing #Laboratory ... #Diagnosis #Accuracy
Normal Thromboelastogram - Specific parameters represent the 3 phases of the cell-based model of haemostasis: initiation,
of latency from start ... of test to initial ... lysis time (s) #Diagnosis ... #Hematology #Coagulation ... Interpretation #Laboratory
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
meningitis), MCC CNS symptoms ... artery aneurysms Diagnosis ... pathognomonic laboratory ... ) Differential Diagnosis ... #rheumatology #
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
- Differential Diagnosis ... Ascariasis, Choledochal cyst ... extrahepatic source - Tests ... be abnormal AST ... #differential #diagnosis
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
the “Chewing gum test ... Start steroids if ... them, but urgent rheumatology ... absence of visual symptoms ... Temporal #Signs #Symptoms
Fibromyalgia Symptoms
Cardinal Features:
 • Sleep disturbances: Insomnia, Frequent awakening, Non-restoring sleep
 • Pain: Generalized (head-to-toes), Described
Fibromyalgia Symptoms ... • Psychiatric symptoms ... Post-traumatic stress ... xerophthalmia, Feeling of instability ... #diagnosis #rheumatology