10 results
Approach to ECGs - Ischemia
MI = Biomarkers + ECG or echo/angiogram findings
Pathologic Q - 1/3 height
- Ischemia MI ... = Biomarkers + ECG ... Equivalents / Don't Miss Signs ... bigger than QRS - deWinter ... Interpretation #differential
STEMI Equivalents on ECG
 • Conventional STEMI - Elevation of ST segment at (or 40-60 ms
J point • De Winter ... V2 • Wellens sign ... pain • Wellens sign ... deviation) • Acute ischemia ... #differential #
Intraoperative Cardiac Ischaemia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

If the patient is unconscious, signs of cardiac
is unconscious, signs ... depression • T wave ... is conscious, symptoms ... CM5 continuous ECG ... Obtain a 12-lead ECG
Premature Ventricular Complexes (PVC's) - Summary Framework

Why PVCs?  Can be the first manifestation of cardiac
• Myocardial ischemia ... • Underlying ischemic ... Digoxin toxicity Symptoms ... may not occur Differential ... PVC #diagnosis #differential
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
hypertension and signs ... renal bruit or signs ... Coarctation of aorta ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... #Differential #
Hyperthyroidism Overview

Clinical Manifestation of Hyperthyroidism:
 • Fatigue
 • Weight loss
 • Heat intolerance
 • Depression, nervousness
diffuse goiter (Graves ... hyperthyroidism #causes ... #diagnosis #differential ... #endocrinology ... #signs #symptoms
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
: • Purpura, ischemic ... tract, and often causes ... < 30 years - Aorta ... Presentation - Systemic Symptoms ... purpura: strong sign
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
purpura: Strong sign ... < 30 years • Aorta ... Arteritis): • Aorta ... • Progressive symptoms ... tract, and often causes
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
those coming off aorta ... systemic sx + signs ... very remarkable w/differential ... GCA #Temporal #Signs ... #Symptoms #Diagnosis
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
Enteroviruses (e.g ... Coltivirus Symptoms ... parenchymatous (tabes ... influenzae Symptoms ... Acute meningeal signs