19 results
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN signs ... Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... SIGNS/SYMPTOMS ... Signs and symptoms
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Clinically Important ... Anaemia, neural tube defects ... Vitamins #Deficiency #differential ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #nutrition
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) - Recognition of giant cell arteritis (GCA)

1) Is visual loss caused
field: altitudinal defect ... Clinical manifestations ... • Cephalic symptoms ... Doppler US : halo sign ... #Rheumatology #Ophthalmology
Interstitial keratitis in Tertiary Syphilis

Interstitial keratitis, which is an inflammation of the cornea’s connective tissue elements,
, and usually affects ... Without treatment ... though there are no signs ... or symptoms. ... Tertiary #syphilis #clinical
Orbital Cellulitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Definitions:
a. Chemosis: Edema of the bulbar conjunctiva
b. Panopthalmitis: inflammation of all
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... Afferent pupillary defect ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
Myasthenia Gravis Overview

Myasthenia Gravis is an autoimmune disorder of the postsynaptic neuromuscular junction.  Ab to
Paraneoplastic effects ... Clinical Picture ... life-threatening Differential ... test - Cogan sign ... - Peek sign
Acute Closed Angle Glaucoma: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
OPHTHALMIC EMERGENCY: Early detection is essential, but most patients
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... lights are a key symptom ... damage & blindness Signs ... • Visual field defects ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
Pathogenesis and clinical ... arrhythmias, congenital defects ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Definition: Overwhelming clinical syndrome associated with excessive macrophage activation and cytokine storm due to
: Overwhelming clinical ... most frequently affects ... Diagnosis: HLH signs ... and symptoms can ... • Bicytopenia Treatment
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
Diagnosis = clinical ... systemic sx + signs ... very remarkable w/differential ... required +/- prompt ophthalmology ... GCA #Temporal #Signs