18 results
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
RBC casts in urine ... systemic process leg. diabetes ... #Classification ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential Diagnosis ... hypokalemia • Renal ... tubular acidosis (type ... Ureterosigmoidostomy, Diabetic ... #nephrology #potassium
Albuminuria (Grades) and Risk for CKD
Normal to mildly increased albuminuria:
 - Albumin excretion rate: < 30
associated with worse renal ... defined as nephrotic syndrome ... Macroalbuminuria is a type ... #CKD #nephrology ... #diagnosis #proteinuria
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
High Anion Gap Metabolic ... with short bowel syndrome ... salicylate toxicity causes ... Ketoacidosis - diabetic ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of ... Acquired - Primary renal ... uropathy, Metabolic causes ... #Types #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Staphylococcus-associated GlomeruloNephritis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
CLINICAL
 • Nephritic syndrome (Casts)
 • Marked proteinuria (may be
• Nephritic syndrome ... (Casts) • Marked ... proteinuria (may ... GlomeruloNephritis #nephrology ... #diagnosis #management
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
hemolytic-uremic syndrome ... red blood cells/high-power ... Diabetic nephropathy ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... of High-anion Gap ... Ketoacidosis: Diabetic ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Tumor lysis syndrome ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... Failure • SLE • Type ... #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology
Type 2 Diabetes - Screening, Diagnosis and Management Algorithm
Lifestyle  Modifications (Diet and Exercise) -> Start
Type 2 Diabetes ... - Screening, Diagnosis ... with DM2 • High ... • Secondary Causes ... Endocrinopathies (Cushing Syndrome