10 results
Causes of Knee Effusions - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Knee Effusion Red Flags:
1. Fever/Chills/Joint pain/Night sweats/Weight loss
	- DDX:
		-
Causes of Knee Effusions ... - Differential ... Loss of sensation distal ... diagnosis #msk # ... physicalexam
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
Leg Pain - Differential ... Herpes zoster - HIV ... #Leg #pain #differential ... lower #extremity #msk ... #physicalexam
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
Non-inflammatory Causes ... Eye, and Ear Visual ... pachymeningitis • HIV ... consistent with MS ... noninflammatory #differential
Hearing Loss - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Hearing Loss Types:
• Conductive
• Sensorineural
• Mixed
Presbycusis is the most common type
Hearing Loss - Differential ... • Outer Ear: ... cause unknown) ... II ○ Susac’s syndrome ... Noise trauma ○ MS
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
• Mounier-Kuhn syndrome ... dyskinesia • Young syndrome ... auscultation • Digital ... , CCP, ANCA • HIV ... Bronchiectasis #pulmonary #differential
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
hydrocephalus, HIV ... ... laboratory tests ... Aphaso-apraxo-agnosia syndrome ... body dementia - Visual ... MNCD #Dementia #Differential
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Lactic Acidosis - Differential ... or diagnostic tests ... - Low cardiac output ... - Compartment syndrome ... Ethylene glycol - HIV
Newborn Infant - Routine Examination

Birthweight, gestational age and birthweight percentile are noted.
General observation Of the baby's
assessment, is best ... 2 cm below the costal ... The hips are checked ... dysplasia of the hips ... Newborn #Infant #PhysicalExam
Posterior Knee Dislocation Injury
Specifically, POSTERIOR KNEE DISLOCATIONS can have significant associated injury that needs unique approach
DISLOCATION: ~25% cases ... based on normal distal ... nerve injury (25%) TEST ... Check hip and ankle ... Posterior #Injury #msk
Autoimmune Myositis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Inflammatory Myopathies: Commonly symmetric proximal muscle weakness, no substantial muscle pain
Autoimmune Myositis - Differential ... Diagnostic Tests ... • Proximal + distal ... weakness + atrophy- Hip ... statins - probably caused