11 results
Localization of Renal Tubular Defects
Fanconi Syndrome: Proximal tubule
Bartter Syndrome: Thick ascending loop of Henle
Gitelman Syndrome: Distal
loop of Henle Gitelman ... Fanconi #Bartter #Gitelman ... #Localization #Nephron ... #Defects #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Pathophysiology ... delivery to distal nephron ... #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
clinical findings • Anterior ... Cord Syndrome -> Anterior ... Syndromes #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #orthopedics #neurology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Bartter - Gitelman ... SIGNS: • Muscle ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride
Aphasia - Pathophysiology and Clinical Findings
Broca's Aphasia - Expressive language impairment: non-Fluent
 - Sensory speech areas
Aphasia - Pathophysiology ... still intact (inferior ... deficits #Aphasia #Pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs ... Brocas #Wernickes #neurology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... cotransporter • Gitelman's ... Pseudo Bartter-Gitelman ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology
Varicocele: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Primary:
 - Anatomically: the left spermatic vein drains into the left renal
retroperitoneal masses - Inferior ... #Varicocele #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms ... #Urology #Diagnosis
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... of UMN and LMN signs ... EMG: LMN Signs in ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology ... #diagnosis #management
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... on MRA/CTA • Anterior ... Syndrome #diagnosis #management ... #neurology
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Diagnosis and Management ... survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... papules, nodules; anterior ... Sarcoidosis #Diagnosis #Management ... #Signs #Symptoms