7 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... and Workup Step ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Possible Causes of Altered Urine Color 

Red 
    Foods: beets, blackberries, rhubarb
Conditions: blue diaper ... syndrome (see Question ... (Purple Urine Syndrome ... Urine #Colored #Discoloration ... Differential #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... Then, ask 3 questions ... to work through ... demyelination syndrome ... Treatment #management #nephrology
Causes of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Insufficient Sleep
 • Poor Sleep Hygiene
 • Insomnia
Shift Work) Sleep ... Restless Legs Syndrome ... Hypoventilation Syndrome ... Disorders • Neurologic ... Parkinson's, MS)
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Turbid White Urine (Albinuria):
 • Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
• Drummond's syndrome ... (blue diaper syndrome ... Purple Urine Bag Syndrome ... #Urine #Color #discoloration ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Posterior Knee Dislocation Injury
Specifically, POSTERIOR KNEE DISLOCATIONS can have significant associated injury that needs unique approach
Neurologic deficit ... Neurologic injuries ... lachmans, posterior drawers ... WORK UP: obtain ... Posterior #Injury #msk