8 results
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute Thiamine (B1) Deficiency 
Clinical Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 out of 4):
Wernicke Encephalopathy ... Clinical Diagnosis ... nystagmus) - Cerebellar ... dysfunction and gait ... #diagnosis #criteria
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute B1 (Thiamine) Deficiency - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 of
Wernicke Encephalopathy ... - Diagnosis and ... Management Diagnosis ... nystagmus) • Cerebellar ... dysfunction (e.g. gait
Wernicke's Encephalopathy 
CLINICAL TRIAD: only seen in 1/4 pts 
W.E. is often under diagnosed 
1. ENCEPHALOPATHY
is often under diagnosed ... . 5% have decr LOC ... GAIT ATAXIA (23% ... Unlike Alcoholic Cerebellar ... #diagnosis #triad
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
Most cases diagnosed ... • Vitamin C deficiency ... Pernicious anemia/B12 deficiency ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... ) - Waddling gait
Thiamine Deficiency - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Clinical Manifestations

Causes of Thiamine Deficiency:
 • Poor intake:
	- Diets
- Differential Diagnosis ... rice, Cereals • Low ... • Wernicke's Encephalopathy ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... beriberi #nutrition #pathophysiology
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
syndrome • Wernicke encephalopathy ... • Vitamin D deficiency ... , K, Mg2+) • Slow ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Pathophysiology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
HIV dementia Pathophysiology ... ARVs can have low ... Classic HIV Encephalopathy ... Diagnosis: MRI ... dysfunction like gait
Anorexia Nervosa: Complications
CARDIAC ABNORMALITIES
 - Functional: Low BP, Sinus bradycardia, prolonged QT interval
 - Structural: Reduced
- Functional: Low ... and Metabolic Encephalopathy ... from nutrient deficiency ... Complications #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs