9 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
polyneuropathy (e.g ... Guillain-Barré syndrome ... Hyperthyroidism, Serotonin syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #neurology
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute B1 (Thiamine) Deficiency - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 of
Diagnosis - Caine Criteria ... dysfunctions ( e.g ... Cerebellar dysfunction (e.g ... development of Korsakoff syndrome ... Diagnosis #Management #neurology
Main types of autoimmune encephalitis in the ICU. 
Anti-NMDAR anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor, ADEM acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, Anti-GFAP
resonance imaging, EEG ... #encephalitis #comparison ... #table #neurology
Hepatorenal Syndrome Diagnosis
 • ↑ in serum Cr of ≥ 0.3mg/dL above baseline
Hepatorenal Syndrome ... liver disease (e.g ... #Hepatorenal #Syndrome ... diagnosis #HRS #nephrology ... #criteria #types
Urine Microscopy Crystals
Uric Acid crystals:
 - Formation promoted by acidic urine
 - Seen in tumor lysis
in tumor lysis syndrome ... urease-producing organisms (e.g ... Microscopy #Crystals #comparison ... #table #urinalysis
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
• Or brainstem syndromes ... Radiographic findings (eg ... McDonald diagnostic criteria ... Laboratory findings (eg ... VEP’s: EEG of visual
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
with previously stable ... risk factors (eg ... hypertension (eg ... hypertension (eg ... Neurologic disorders
Peritoneal Dialysis vs Hemodialysis - Advantages and Disadvantages 
Peritoneal Dialysis:
 • Access: Abdominal wall insertion of
can be offered (e.g ... #Hemodialysis #comparison ... #table #advantages ... disadvantages #nephrology
Hyperthermic Toxidromes
Five toxidromes may present with overlapping features: hyperthermia, rhabdomyolysis, altered mental status/seizures.
 • Sympathomimetic -
• Serotonin Syndrome ... dopamine blockers (e.g ... dopamine agonists (e.g ... Hyperthermic #Toxidromes #comparison ... #table #diagnosis