27 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
and Workup Step ... 1 . ... Step 2. ... HYPERVOLEMIC • CHF ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... Diabetes Insipidus Workup ... Step #1 - Consider ... history Step #2 ... Algorithm #Sodium #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... renal mechanism 2) ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
3 questions to work ... 1) Is it hypotonic ... 2) Is ADH elevated ... include vaptans (HF ... #Differential #
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
output is a clue). 1) ... , Dehydration: neurologic ... water unavailable 2) ... ([Na] / 140) - 1) ... risk for cerebral edema
Stage II - Interstitial edema
Stage II of CHF is characterized by fluid leakage into the interlobular
- Interstitial edema ... Stage II of CHF ... peripheral short 1- ... 2 cm horizontal ... #Clinical #Radiology
Ascites - Diagnostic Approach and Differential Diagnosis
The most common causes: cirrhosis, malignancy and heart failure. Approx
carcinomatosis, HF ... 5.3), peripheral edema ... ) / absence of edema ... of ascites. 2) ... Jcortesizaguirr #Ascites #workup
ARDS/VALI progression over the course of 1 week 
 (a) Day 1 - No pathological findings.
the course of 1 ... week (a) Day 1 ... (b) Day 2 - some ... structures help in the differential ... #Clinical #Radiology
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
Fraction (HFrEF) Clinical ... Presentation 1. ... ankle swelling. 2. ... CXR congestion. 2. ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... PRES Diagnosis: 1. ... : Acute onset 2. ... Reversible course Differential ... diagnosis #management #neurology