9 results
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Left Shunt - Anatomic ... Disease, Interstitial ... Fibrosis, Interstitial ... Lung Disease ... #differential #diagnosis
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Extra-articular manifestations
Skin: 
 • Inflammation of skin (esp. over areas of stress) forms
pleural effusion on CXR ... lung disease/pulmonary ... fibrosis (mechanism ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
Causes: • Cystic fibrosis ... Nasal polyps and signs ... in the adjacent lung ... of the affected lung ... mycobacteria Treatment
UIP
UIP is a histologic pattern of pulmonary fibrosis.
On a chest X-ray UIP manifests as a reticular
histologic pattern of pulmonary ... fibrosis. ... On a chest X-ray ... to confirm the diagnosis ... UIP #Reticular #Interstitial
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
fibrotic lesions ... Tuberculosis Diagnosis ... and Culture • CXR ... disease • Check CXR ... Tuberculosis #TB #Diagnosis
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
fibrotic lesions ... Tuberculosis Diagnosis ... and Culture • CXR ... disease • Check CXR ... Tuberculosis #TB #Diagnosis
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
- Differential Diagnosis ... blood cells in the lung ... the right middle lobe ... interstitium and ... #differential #diagnosis
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
granulomas within the lungs ... fibroblasts → fibrosis ... e.g. incidental CXR ... Pulmonary: dyspnea ... #Management #Signs
Authors: Mark M. Ramzy, DO, EMT-P (@MarkRamzyDO, EM Resident Physician, Drexel University, Department of Emergency Medicine)
Vital signs: BP ... x-ray (CXR), try ... does a better job ... #Radiology #CTChest ... #Lung #Pulmonary