8 results
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
including restrictive lung ... consider infarction, hypoxia ... In lung disease ... #Pulmonary #Abnormalities ... #Abnormal #Diagnosis
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Left Shunt - Anatomic ... Embolism, Obstructive Lung ... , Interstitial Lung ... #Hypoxia #hypoxemia ... #differential #diagnosis
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
Chronic cough • Hypoxia ... in the adjacent lung ... of the affected lung ... - BAR >1.0 is abnormal ... mycobacteria Treatment
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
- Differential Diagnosis ... blood cells in the lung ... the right middle lobe ... infiltrates on chest ... #differential #diagnosis
Upper Lobe Lung Diseases - STAR CHASERS Mnemonic

S - Silicosis
T - Tuberculosis
A - Ankylosing Spondylitis
R -
Upper Lobe Lung ... Therefore, conditions caused ... a rigid chest cage ... granulomatosis • Abnormal ... #differential #diagnosis
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
absence of intrinsic lung ... disease Caused ... defect (Type 1) or anatomic ... on radioactive lung ... #management #treatment
Amiodarone Induced Lung Toxicity Summary

Who?
• 5% of patients
• Dose ≥ 400 mg per day

How?  Possible
Amiodarone Induced Lung ... starting amiodarone treatment ... Exclude other causes ... Eosinophilia • Normal ... macrophages Treatment
Authors: Mark M. Ramzy, DO, EMT-P (@MarkRamzyDO, EM Resident Physician, Drexel University, Department of Emergency Medicine)
does a better job ... defaulting to a normal ... Most commonly caused ... #Radiology #CTChest ... #Lung #Pulmonary