12 results
Traditionally, we have been taught to examine for Kernig’s and Brudzinski’s signs when examining patients with
to examine for Kernig ... ’s and Brudzinski ... #Brudzinskis #Signs ... #PhysicalExam # ... Meningitis
Brudzinski's sign is a physically demonstrable symptom of meningitis. It is characterized by reflexive flexion of
Brudzinski's sign ... physically demonstrable symptom ... #Brudzinskis #sign ... clinical #video #neurology ... #meningitis #physicalexam
Kernig's Sign in Meningitis

Kernig's sign is present if the patient, in the supine position with the
Kernig's Sign in ... Meningitis Kernig's ... #Sign #Meningitis ... Clinical #Video #PhysicalExam ... Pediatrics #Peds #neurology
Diagnostic Testing for Meningitis
History:
 • Triad: Fever, neck stiffness, and altered mental status
 • Sens: 44%
: Non-specific Kernig ... up); Spec: 95% Brudzinski ... Sign • Passively ... Shake head will headache ... diagnosis #testing #physicalexam
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
- Differential ... history of cancer, HIV ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... infection (e.g., meningitis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #neurology
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
- Differential ... - Autonomic symptoms ... meningeal irritation signs ... #differential # ... ophthalmology #Neurology
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
Herpesviruses (MCC: HSV ... Coltivirus Symptoms ... influenzae Symptoms ... Acute meningeal signs ... #diagnosis #neurology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
/ AIDS - Differential ... : Fever, headache ... Tuberculous Meningitis ... Cryptococcal Meningitis ... CNS #Infections #differential
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
(IRIS): • In HIV ... later stage) • Headache ... • Papilledema, headache ... Tuberculosis #diagnosis #differential ... #TB #neurology
Signs and Symptoms Associated With Different Headache Etiologies
 • Nonfocal mental status changes - Meningitis, encephalitis,
Signs and Symptoms ... status changes - Meningitis ... deficits (CN Ill, IV ... #signs #symptoms ... #clues #differential