172 results
Fever - Pyrogen Pathophysiology

EXOGENOUS PYROGEN
 • Bacteria: Lipopolysaccharide components, peptidoglycans and muramyl peptide derivatives, Toxins
 •
Pathophysiology EXOGENOUS ... components Exogenous ... , IFN, IL-6 ENDOGENOUS ... vasculature via: • Active ... organs CNS - Endogenous
Hypercortisolism (Cushing syndrome) - Simplified Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Exogenous (ACTH-independent)
Endogenous
 • ACTH-dependent:
    - ACTH-secreting
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Exogenous (ACTH-independent ... ) Endogenous • ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hypoglycemia - Evaluation Algorithm
Interpreting Hypoglycemia Labs - the patient must be hypoglycemic at the time of
Hypoglycemia - Evaluation Algorithm ... Proinsulin - Is it endogenous ... → Exogenous Insulin ... Hypoglycemia #Evaluation #Algorithm
Staging of Skin Mottling

Mottling is less sensitive, but more specific for hypoperfusion and elevated mortality (figure
Mottling suggests active ... endogenous vasoconstriction ... not additional exogenous
Cephalosporins 
Cephalosporins are bactericidal beta-lactam antibiotics derived from the fungus Acremonlum— they disrupt peptidoglycan formation in
They have no activity ... predominantly active ... progressively more active ... gram-positive activity ... Classification #pharmacology
Thyroid Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypothyroidism:
 • Hasimoto’s
 • Radioactive Iodine 
 • Hypopituitarism
 • Iodine
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Thyroiditis • Exogenous ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Rigors And Bacteremia - Overview

• Rigors are a response to the release of cytokines and prostaglandins
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: → Exogenous ... pro-inflammatroy mediators (Endogenous ... Pyrogen) → Endogenous ... vasculature via: • Active ... circumventricular organs CNS: Endogenous
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Azotemia • Exogenous ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine chloride < 20 mmol/l - Chloride responsive (Chloride
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Severe K depletion, Exogenous ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Severe Ulcerative Colitis - Management Algorithms
 - Adult outpatients with moderate to severely active ulcerative colitis
Colitis - Management Algorithms ... moderate to severely active ... UC #Management #Algorithm