121 results
Fever - Pyrogen Pathophysiology

EXOGENOUS PYROGEN
 • Bacteria: Lipopolysaccharide components, peptidoglycans and muramyl peptide derivatives, Toxins
 •
Pathophysiology EXOGENOUS ... components Exogenous ... , IFN, IL-6 ENDOGENOUS ... vasculature via: • Active ... organs CNS - Endogenous
Staging of Skin Mottling

Mottling is less sensitive, but more specific for hypoperfusion and elevated mortality (figure
Mottling suggests active ... endogenous vasoconstriction ... not additional exogenous
Hyperthyroidism and Thyrotoxicosis Interpretation Table
 - Autonomy (Graves)
 - Autonomy (toxic nodule)
 - Exogenous thyroid hormone
Interpretation Table ... toxic nodule) - Exogenous ... Interpretation #Table
Rigors And Bacteremia - Overview

• Rigors are a response to the release of cytokines and prostaglandins
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: → Exogenous ... pro-inflammatroy mediators (Endogenous ... Pyrogen) → Endogenous ... vasculature via: • Active ... circumventricular organs CNS: Endogenous
Headache Differential - Primary vs Secondary
A vast number of diseases can cause a headache. We divide
caused by various exogenous ... Primary #Secondary #Table
Thyroid Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypothyroidism:
 • Hasimoto’s
 • Radioactive Iodine 
 • Hypopituitarism
 • Iodine
Thyroiditis • Exogenous ... Amy Chung, MD, MSc
Hyperaldosteronism - Etiologies of Mineralocorticoid Excess

Primary Hyperaldosteronism (Normal or Low Renin, High Aldosterone) 
 - Aldosterone-secreting
syndrome - Exogenous ... Aldosterone #Comparison #Table
Vasopressors and Inotropes - Comparison Table
Activity: Alpha-1, Beta-1, Dopamine, SVR, HR, CO, BP
Phenylephrine
Vasopressin
Norepinephrine
Epinephrine
Dopamine
Dobutamine
Isoproterenol
Milrinone

- Dr. Eric Strong
Inotropes - Comparison Table ... Activity: Alpha ... Inotropes #comparison #table
Clarke's Test (Patellar Grind Test)

Indicates Patellofemoral dysfunction.
 - Patient with knee in extension. Push posterior on
of patella then ask ... patient to perform active ... Patellofemoral #msk
Systemic Glucocorticoid Dose Equivalents. 

Note: approximate equivalent dose is based on anti-inflammatory potency. Fludrocortisone is not
mineralocorticoid activity ... anti-inflammatory activity ... Steroid #Conversion #Table