2 results
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
exam Determine Cardiac ... Medical history ... Change in clinical ... postoperative cardiac ... medical and surgical
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
) Clinical Presentation ... 0.25), murmur of valvular ... Chest x-ray: signs ... → no signs of CXR ... Consider cardiac