62 results
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia - Overview
Hypoxia - insufficient oxygen delivered to tissues to meet demands
Hypoxemia - low
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia ... - Overview Hypoxia ... common type of hypoxia ... ) PIO2 - atmospheric ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
A-a gradient = [FiO2 ... Embolism, Obstructive Lung ... , Interstitial Lung ... arterial #pulmonary #Hypoxia ... #hypoxemia #differential
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
Causes of Hypoxemia ... • Interstitial lung ... Abnormalities #Hypoxemia ... #Hypoxia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
: Interstitial lung ... ventilation (V) in the lungs ... direction leads to hypoxemia ... bypassing the lungs ... Respiratory #Failure #hypoxia
Hyperacute Hypoxemia - Workup and Management
Differential Diagnosis: Aspiration, Flash Pulmonary Edema, Mucous Plugging, Bronchospasm, Pulmonary Embolism,
Hyperacute Hypoxemia ... (JVP, edema), Lung ... Exam, POCUS (B-lines ... , lung sliding) ... #Hypoxia #Workup
General schema for respiratory support in patients with COVID-19
Low flow nasal cannula
 • Typically set at
in more severe hypoxemia ... useful to allow for lung-protective ... use conventional lung-protective ... patients with PaO2/FiO2 ... #criticalcare #hypoxia
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome – ARDS: Clinical Cheat Sheet

An acute diffuse, inflammatory lung injury, leading to
, inflammatory lung ... permeability, lung ... congestion with hypoxemia ... with decreased lung ... or CXR ● PaO2/FiO2
Berlin Criteria for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) 
- Respiratory symptoms must have begun within one
lobar collapse, lung ... severity of the hypoxemia ... mm Hg < PaO2 / FiO2 ... mm Hg < PaO2 / FiO2 ... Severe - PaO2 / FiO2
Underlying causes of PEA arrest: H’s and T’s 

Hypovolemia, Hypoxia, Hydrogen Ion (acidosis), Hypo/Hyper-kalemia, Hypothermia
Toxins, Tamponade,
Underlying causes ... Hypovolemia, Hypoxia ... ), Thrombosis (lungs
Nail Clubbing - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Bronchopulmonary Disease
 • Bronchiectasis
 • Chronic Lung Infection
 • Lung Cancer
Bronchiectasis • Chronic Lung ... Infection • Lung ... Fibrosis • Chronic Hypoxia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes