39 results
Diagnosis and Management of Hypernatremia

#Hypernatremia #Differential #Algorithm #Causes #Nephrology #Diagnosis

** GrepMed Recommended Text: Nephrology Secrets -
Diagnosis and Management ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #Causes #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis * ... Recommended Text: Nephrology
Upper Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Motor Function
Shoulder:
 • Abduction - C5,C6 (axillary)
 • Adduction - C6, C7,
, C8 (radial) Finger ... Supinator - C5, C6 • Finger ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis ... #neurology #sensory ... #motor #arm #physicalexam
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Decreased intake/absorption: Starvation, Alcoholism, Malabsorption, Phosphate binder use
 • Redistribution/
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm • Decreased ... Malabsorption, Phosphate binder ... #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology #phosphate
Mechanisms of Pain
Mixed - Nociceptive/Neuropathic
Nociceptive - Tissue Damage
 - Visceral - (From organ/cavity lining) Poorly localized,
Well-localized, sharp, short ... well-localized, dull, longer ... Pain #Mechanisms #Neurology ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes
Diagnostic Algorithm for Dizziness and Vertigo
Peripheral Vertigo:
 • Attacks: Sudden, severe, can last anywhere from seconds
Diagnostic Algorithm ... with vascular causes ... findings BPPV • Short-lived ... positional episodes caused ... #differential #diagnosis
The rationale for aggressive treatment of generalized status epilepticus was described previously here.  In short,
In short, best outcomes ... The longer the seizure ... epilepticus may cause ... #Management #Neurology ... Refractory #Seizures #Algorithm
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
lesions in the inner ... -> Cotton-wool Spots ... -> Elschnig's Spots ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Defining ... starts by measuring ... #algorithm #causes ... #nephrology #potassium
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
-> Cotton-wool spots ... retinal ischemia causes ... of VEGF causing fine ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #complications
Diplopia - Double Vision - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical Pearls:
 • Diplopia is almost always binocular.
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Clinical ... • Neurologic ... #Algorithm #Causes ... #Ophthalmology