6 results
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
• Urinary casts ... [(U Na x P Cr) / ... (P Na x U Cr)] ... Kidney Injury (AKI ... #UNa #casts #glucosuria
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
require urgent nephrology ... cases are caused ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... for WBCs, RBCs, casts ... , crystals, protein
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
UOP/weights - Urine ... Na/K/Cl/urea/protein ... /Cr - Renal/bladder ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis ... #Differential
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
nephron - TTKG > 7, Urine ... Na < 20 meq/L ... Low EABV (e.g., CHF ... renal failure • AKI ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Management Summary Causes ... Myoglobinuria: UA ... Cast formation: ... #treatment #nephrology
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
K/creatinine (Cr ... Na/Cl ~1. ... continued in most cases ... hypokalemia #diagnosis #differential ... #algorithm #nephrology