14 results
Forced vital capacity (FVC) curves comparing normal, obstructive, and restrictive disorders. Curves are as they appear
curves comparing normal ... , obstructive, and ... restrictive disorders ... commonly available spirometers ... #Restrictive #Normal
Flow Volume Loops - Common Patterns
A. Normal
B. Emphysema
C. Unilateral Main Stem Bronchial Obstruction
D. Fixed Upper Airway
Normal B. ... Stem Bronchial Obstruction ... Restrictive Parenchymal ... Diagnosis #PFTs #Spirometry ... #FlowVolume #Loops
Patterns of pulmonary dysfunction revealed by flow-volume loops. For comparison, a normal loop is shown with
comparison, a normal ... Diagnosis #PFTs #Spirometry ... #FlowVolume #Loops ... Patterns #Comparison #Normal
Pulmonary Function Testing: Flow Volume Loop Patterns
 • Variable extra-thoracic obstruction - truncated or flattened inspiratory
extra-thoracic obstruction ... intra-thoracic obstruction ... flow • Fixed obstruction ... reduced FEV1 • Restriction ... nickmmark #FlowVolume
Asthma
Chronic lung disease characterized by airway inflammation, airway and variable expiratory air flow obstruction
There are 2
expiratory air flow obstruction ... used to identify obstruction ... lower limit of normal ... Reversibility on spirometry
Pulse Abnormalities - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unequal/DeIayed:
 • Obstructive arterial disease (ie. Atherosclerosis)
 • Aortic dissection
 •
Unequal/DeIayed: • Obstructive ... Takayasu disease • Normal ... Pericarditis • Restrictive
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
• ALT & AST normal ... • Bilirubin - Normal ... extrahepatic biliary obstruction ... nonsuppurative destructive ... disease, Bile duct obstruction
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
infection - Portal ... hypoxia Chronic obstructive ... disease with mixed restrictive ... and obstructive ... Others: tumoral obstruction
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
ABG And BMP Normal ... (Cl + HCO3)} Normal ... Myasthenia gravis) - Obstructive ... or restrictive ... hypoventilation) - Airway obstruction
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
of Breathing Normal ... —20 per min in normal ... causes, including restrictive ... It may be fast, normal ... Obstructive Breathing