21 results
Flow Volume Loops - Common Patterns
A. Normal
B. Emphysema
C. Unilateral Main Stem Bronchial Obstruction
D. Fixed Upper Airway
Loops - Common Patterns ... Normal B. ... Restrictive Parenchymal ... Diagnosis #PFTs #Spirometry ... #FlowVolume #Loops
Forced vital capacity (FVC) curves comparing normal, obstructive, and restrictive disorders. Curves are as they appear
curves comparing normal ... , obstructive, and ... restrictive disorders ... commonly available spirometers ... #Restrictive #Normal
Patterns of pulmonary dysfunction revealed by flow-volume loops. For comparison, a normal loop is shown with
Patterns of pulmonary ... comparison, a normal ... Diagnosis #PFTs #Spirometry ... #FlowVolume #Loops ... #Normal #pulmonary
Pulmonary Function Testing: Flow Volume Loop Patterns
 • Variable extra-thoracic obstruction - truncated or flattened inspiratory
Flow Volume Loop Patterns ... extra-thoracic obstruction ... reduced FEV1 • Restriction ... nickmmark #FlowVolume ... pulmonary #PFTs #patterns
External Ventricular Drains (EVDs) & ICP waveform interpretation
An EVD is a temporary closed sterile system that
large strokes, obstructing ... arterial pulse • Normal ... P1, P3 suggests abnormal ... with markedly abnormal ... that represent normal
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
of Breathing Normal ... —20 per min in normal ... causes, including restrictive ... It may be fast, normal ... Abnormalities #Abnormal
Asthma
Chronic lung disease characterized by airway inflammation, airway and variable expiratory air flow obstruction
There are 2
expiratory air flow obstruction ... used to identify obstruction ... lower limit of normal ... Reversibility on spirometry
Pulse Abnormalities - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unequal/DeIayed:
 • Obstructive arterial disease (ie. Atherosclerosis)
 • Aortic dissection
 •
Unequal/DeIayed: • Obstructive ... Takayasu disease • Normal ... Pericarditis • Restrictive
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
infection - Portal ... hypoxia Chronic obstructive ... disease with mixed restrictive ... and obstructive ... pattern IV.
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
ABG And BMP Normal ... (Cl + HCO3)} Normal ... <0.4 Pure Normal ... acidosis 0.4-0.8 Normal ... diabetic) Causes of Normal