9 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
type 4) - Salt wasting ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Causes of Secondary ... Testing Common ... causes: • Renal ... agent Uncommon causes ... #table
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Familial renal Mg wasting ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
USMLE Epidemiology and Biostatistics Summary
Meta-Analysis: pools data from several studies (greater power), limited by quality/bias of
Sensitivity (rule out – screening ... proportion of cases ... Incidence: No of new cases ... Prevalence: total No of cases ... Biostatistics #formulas
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
Recommended initial testing ... 24-hour urine collection ... in monitoring low-level ... recommended for routine screening ... infections are common causes
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... can be high or low ... Cerebral Salt Wasting ... differential #diagnosis #table
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease
1) 24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
Recommended initial testing ... 24-hour urine collection ... in monitoring low-level ... recommended for routine screening ... infections are common causes
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm ... urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low ... confirmed via genetic testing ... Ideally, after correcting ... continued in most cases
6/02/2022 UPDATE: This assay is designed to detect non-variola orthopoxviruses, including monkeypox virus. It is not
should use this algorithm ... risk of smallpox –low ... specimens from low ... See table below ... all HIGH RISK CASES