17 results
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
Femoral Head Fracture ... onto lateral hip Signs ... #msk #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... reflexes) • Urinary ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
Diagnosis Framework ... • Fracture • Arthritis ... #differential #diagnosis ... lower #extremity #msk ... #physicalexam
Radiculopathy: Signs and Symptoms
 • Back/Neck Pain
 • Decr Range of motion
 • Abnormal posturing
 •
• Decr tendon reflexes ... : • Straight leg ... Radiculopathy #MSK ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #pathophysiology
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
and Myotomes Reflexes ... Commonly caused ... such as fibular fracture ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis ... #physicalexam
Brudzinski’s Sign in Meningitis (first described in 19th century by Dr. Josef Brudzinski)

Brudzinski's sign is characterized
Passive neck flexion causes ... While the pathophysiology ... an involuntary reflex ... Clinical #Video #PhysicalExam ... #Pediatrics #Peds
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
chromosome 21) Signs ... seizure, primitive reflexes ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia #pathophysiology ... #geriatrics #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
Differential Diagnosis ... • Mutism Pathophysiology ... • Examine for signs ... Casey Albin MD @ ... caseyalbin #PhysicalExam
Meralgia paresthetica: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Compression/injury of Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve (LFCN) -> Meralgia paresthetica
 •
gait, strength, reflexes ... Negative Straight Leg ... MeralgiaParesthetica #MSK ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
bladder and rectal reflex ... saddle anesthesia. leg ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics