10 results
NSAID vs ACEI/ARB effects on the Kidneys

Remember that NSAIDs and ACEI/ARB therapy have opposing effects on
NSAIDs cause vasoconstriction ... normal kidney function ... use shouldn't cause ... #Nephrology #Renal ... #Pathophysiology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... transport, renal function ... Gastrointestinal function ... #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
loss if renal function ... is normal NEPHKIDS ... Hypomagnesemia #algorithm ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium
Upper Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Motor Function
Shoulder:
 • Abduction - C5,C6 (axillary)
 • Adduction - C6, C7,
Myotomes Motor Function ... caused by damage ... a common cause. ... Myotomes #diagnosis #neurology ... sensory #motor #arm #physicalexam
Myasthenia Gravis Overview

Myasthenia Gravis is an autoimmune disorder of the postsynaptic neuromuscular junction.  Ab to
Myasthenia Gravis is ... neuromuscular junction ... blocks receptor function ... Paraneoplastic effects ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
Saline (NS) - Comparison ... - Protective effects ... shift • Saline Causes ... • Saline May Cause ... coagulopathy - functional
Diabetic Foot: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Polyol Pathway - Excess glucose enters Polyol pathway ->
Excess glucose deflects ... essential for cell function ... Glycosylation - AGE cause ... Healing is impaired ... #DiabeticFoot #pathophysiology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... Vomiting/nasogastric suction ... mineralocorticoid-like effect ... the indicated causes ... #nephrology #differential
One and a Half Syndrome on Physical Exam

This 28 year old patient presented to clinic with
fasciculus), which causes ... The most common causes ... and cognitive function ... Half #Syndrome #PhysicalExam ... ophthalmology #neurology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... glutamate activity is ... disrupt cellular function ... - Causes progressive ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology