5 results
Metformin: Biguanide
Metformin is the first-line medication for treatment of type 2 diabetes. It is very effective
medication for treatment ... effective in lowering blood ... side effects is GI ... attention to patients renal ... #Pharmacology #
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... Pseudohematuria: • GI ... bleed • Menstruation ... causes #urology #nephrology ... blood
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
- Differential ... removal from the blood ... before beginning treatment ... and Toxins: - Metformin ... #Elevation #Differential
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
plasma insulin (treatment ... Eating disorders GI ... tubular acidosis ... Hypokalemia #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Normal or low blood ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... tubular acidosis ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology