159 results
Gram Negative Bacteria Overview Identification Algorithm #Diagnosis #Microbiology #GramNegative #Bacteria #Identification #Differential #Algorithm #Oxidase #Lactose #Urease
Algorithm #Oxidase #Lactose ... #Urease #GNRod
Food carbohydrates
Starch
Polysaccharides
Salivary amylase
G)
Pancreatic amylase
Lactose
Maltose
Lumen
Lactase
Maltase O
Sucrase
Saccharose Disaccharides
Nat
cotransport
carrier
Villus
epithelial cell
Galactose
Glucose
Glucose
Glucose
Glucose
Fructose
Galactose
Na*- and energy-
dependent
absorption
Glucose
Facilitated
diffusion
#Fructose Monosaccharides
Energy
dependent
Blood capillary
Na+
Pancreatic amylase Lactose ... Maltose Lumen ... Lactase Maltase ... epithelial cell Galactose ... Glucose Fructose Galactose
Crystalloid Composition - Normal Saline, Ringer's Lactate, Hartmann's Solution, PlasmaLyte

Ca2+ Mg2+ Cl- 
Acetate 
Lactate 
Gluconate 
Bicarbonate
Saline, Ringer's Lactate ... Ca2+ Mg2+ Cl- Acetate ... Lactate Gluconate ... #LR #Ringers #Lactated
GOLDMARK - Mnemonic for Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
G - Glycols
O - Oxoproline
L - L-Lactate
D - D-Lactate
M
Oxoproline L - L-Lactate ... D - D-Lactate
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Causes of Lactate ... categories Lactate ... The use of lactate ... With ↑ Lactate ... Causes of Lactate
Algorithm for the Evaluation of Chronic Diarrhea (< 7 days)
Exclude:
1. Causes of acute diarrhea
2. Lactose intolerance
3.
Lactose intolerance ... Normal fecal fat: Lactose ... intolerance, Sorbitol, lactulose
Gram Negactive Bacteria Identification Algorithm #Diagnosis #Microbiology #GramNegative #Bacteria #Identification #Algorithm #Lactose #Oxidase #Urease #GNR
Identification #Algorithm #Lactose
Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Type A: Impaired O2 Delivery (DO2)
 • Decreased O2 Delivery: Hypotension
Metformin), Linezolid, Lactulose ... with negative lactate ... requires separate D-lactate ... sugars into D-Lactate ... #criticalcare #lactate
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
Lactated Ringers ... mEq/L • Sodium lactate ... pH of 4-7.5 Lactated ... mEq • Sodium Lactate ... mole/L of sodium lactate
Algorithm demonstrating identification of aerobic gram negative bacteria #Diagnosis #Microbiology #GramNegative #Bacteria #Identification #Differential #Algorithm #Lactose
Differential #Algorithm #Lactose