40 results
Spectrum of Glomerular Diseases
Nephrotic - Mechanism:
 • Injury to podocytes
 • Changed architecture: Scanning. Deposition of
Spectrum of Glomerular ... Diseases Nephrotic ... Mechanism: • Injury ... formation #Glomerular ... #Diseases #differential
Causes of acute kidney injury (AKI). AKI is classified into pre-renal, renal, and post-renal causes. Renal
of acute kidney injury ... vascular supply; glomerular ... and interstitial disease ... GBM, Glomerular ... Acute #Kidney #Injury
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Acute tubular injury ... red - cells Non-glomerular ... Dysmorphic red cells - Glomerular ... Diagnostic of glomerular ... acute tubular injury
Kidney Syndromes - A Guide to Compartmentalize the Etiologies of Kidney Disease
1) Tubule and interstitium
2) Vasculature
3)
Etiologies of Kidney Disease ... Vasculature 3) Glomerulus ... Causes #Failure #Injury
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
• Calculi Glomerular ... epithelial side of glomerular ... • Thin GBM disease ... endothelial side of glomerular ... • Pauci-immune disease
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PRE-Renal AKI:
 • Hypovolemia
 • Congestion
 • Medications
 •
Acute Kidney Injury ... • Vascular • Glomerular ... Immune-complex disease ... Bilateral ureteral disease ... Acute #Kidney #Injury
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
or dipstick) Glomerular ... Immune mediated injury ... • Causes of Glomerular ... of glomerular hematuria ... Suggestive of glomerular
Drug Induced Kidney Injury
 • Pre-Renal: NSAIDS, CNI, ACEI/ARB, IL-2 therapy, Diuretics CAR-T therapy
 • Osmotic
Induced Kidney Injury ... therapy • Osmotic injury ... agents • Crystal Injury ... Vitamin C • Glomerular ... Disease: Drug induced
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... - TTP/HUS • Glomerular ... disease - Post-infectious ... Tubulointerstitial disease ... Acute #Kidney #Injury
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
spinal artery injury ... function below injury ... Syndromes #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics