15 results
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
The Diagnostic Approach ... High Renin - Primary ... adrenal insufficiency ... Ketoconazole Low ... #Hyperkalemia #Algorithm
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Clinical ... Baseline plasma ACTH Low ... baseline ACTH - Primary ... • Low or normal
Adrenal Insufficiency Diagnosis Algorithm - Evaluation of HPA Axis Response to ACTH

Early am cortisol < 3
Adrenal Insufficiency ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... AI - Low = secondary ... AI #Adrenal #Insufficiency ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Etiologies of Hypoaldosteronism

Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Low Renin, Low Aldosterone)
 - Diabetic Nephropathy 
 - NSAIDs
Non-Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Normal
Hypoaldosteronism (Low ... Chronic heparin - Primary ... adrenal insufficiency ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Aldosterone #Comparison #Table
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis ... Algorithm UOsm ... Vasopressin-independent - Consider: Primary ... polydipsia, Low ... intake, Renal insufficiency
Diagnosis Adrenal Insufficiency - Algorithm

Step 1) Screening Test: 6-8AM Cortisol Level
 - Early morning cortisol levels
Insufficiency - ... Algorithm Step ... specificity for AI (but low ... - Low ACTH is ... #Algorithm #Diagnosis
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm ... Hypothyroidism, Adrenal insufficiency ... (UOsm < 100): Primary ... polydipsia, Low ... #diagnosis #sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Hypothyroidism, Adrenal Insufficiency ... water intake (Primary ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
- Differential Diagnosis ... Ureterosigmoidostomy Urinary ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Low #Potassium ... #Table #Classification
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
inhibitors - Primary ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Low #Magnesium ... #Table #Classification