19 results
Supracondylar Elbow Fracture
• Most common elbow fracture in children, peak age 5-7 
• When looking at
anterior sail sign ... can't make A-OK sign ... ), compartment syndrome ... • ED Management ... #Orthopedics #MSK
RADIAL HEAD FRACTURE 
Radial head fractures are the most common elbow fracture in adults and are
anterior sail sign ... fracture • ED Management ... 1week; Types II-IV ... XRay #Diagnosis #Management ... #Orthopedics #MSK
Freiberg's Test for Piriformis Syndrome

Flex the hip to 90 degrees, internally rotate the hip.
Pain in the
for Piriformis Syndrome ... Flex the hip ... #Piriformis #syndrome ... lumbar #clinical #video ... #physicalexam #msk
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... epidural hematoma • Infection ... lumbar spine Signs ... of normal leg reflexes ... #MSK #pathophysiology
Monteggia Fracture 
Fracture of proximal ulnar shaft with radial head dislocation. Remember “MUGR” to recall where
Exam: swollen elbow ... ), compartment syndrome ... Types I-IV ... • Nonoperative managernent ... Orthopedics #Proximal #MSK
Esophageal Necrosis
Etiology:
 - Ischemia and Gastric Outlet Obstruction with GERD may be inciting events
 - Associated
antibiotic use, infections ... Stevens-Johnson syndrome ... injury (by acid reflux ... promote esophageal reflux ... Necrosis #diagnosis #management
Orthopedic Emergencies
Compartment Syndrome
 • An increase in compartment pressure to the point where tissue perfusion is
• Initial Management ... tibia/fibula) and hip ... progressive inflammatory infection ... cord function and reflex ... bulbocarvenosus reflex
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
• Or brainstem syndromes ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... Signs and symptoms ... • Acute: - IV ... sclerosis #diagnosis #management
C.diff - Clostridioides Difficile Infection (CDI) - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

Clinical Presentation + Progression:
Clostridioides Difficile Infection ... Diagnosis and Management ... often ordered in reflex ... • Flex-Sig: If ... Bezlotoxumab 10 mg/kg IV
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Guillain-Barre Syndrome ... response preceding infection ... Campylobacter jejuni - HIV ... Decreased / Absent Reflexes ... #diagnosis #management