14 results
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Compatible syndrome + MRI ... lymphoproliferative disease ... lung nodules, may also ... Lesions #Brain #differential ... causes #radiology #neurology
Approach to Undifferentiated Shock - OnePager Summary
Shock occurs when there is inadequate blood flow (CO) &
), LV Failure (MI ... Valves (wide open MR ... Outflow Obstruction (HOCM ... , critical AS), ... #diagnosis #differential
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... should be based on clinical ... Imaging: - MRI ... Demyelinating disease ... #Infections #differential
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
association • M > F Clinical ... skin injury) • Neurologic ... Medium and large also ... Behcet syndrome (Clinical ... ) Differential Diagnosis
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
nervous system (CNS ... neuropathy (LHON) plus MRI ... lesions and clinical ... BEE #Syndromes #neurology ... noninflammatory #differential
Fungal Biomarkers: Beta-D-Glucan and Aspergillus Galactomannan
Beta-D-Glucan:
 • Polysaccharide cell wall component of many fungi
 • Pathogens:
cut-offs defined in clinical ... BAL GM does not differentiate ... colonization vs invasive disease ... Clav (may be + as ... Galactomannan #diagnosis #comparison
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
Autoimmune (SLE/APLS ... heart valves • MRI ... often seen • MRI ... - Infectious Diseases ... #Endocarditis #comparison
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
Presentation: - Disease ... course of the disease ... MRI: Brain, cervical ... conditions listed in differential ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Vasculitis - Differential ... affects the skin, neurologic ... cognitive impairment, neurologic ... oligoclonal bands • MRI ... chorioretinitis, CNS
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy - Summary
1. Definition
 • Towards the end of pregnancy to 5 months postpartum
Differential Diagnosis ... remains unknown • Final ... ancestry, LGE on MRI ... Pts: cardiogenic shock ... defibrillator as