18 results
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
TB: • HIV • Recent ... disease • DM DDX ... are pulmonary • HIV ... TST or IGRA HIV ... : • HIV-infected
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
TB: • HIV • Recent ... disease • DM DDX ... are pulmonary • HIV ... TST or IGRA HIV ... : • HIV-infected
Radiographic appearances of pulmonary diseases in HIV/AIDS Patients
 • Diffuse Interstitial Infiltrates: Pneumocystis jirovecii, M.tuberculosis, Histoplasma
pulmonary diseases in HIV ... adenopathy: M. tuberculosis ... Actinomyces spp., NHL; Lung ... pneumonia, M. tuberculosis ... diagnosis #chestCT #radiology
Cotton Wool Spots

Caused by microinfarcts. Exploded ganglion cell axons extrude their axoplasm into retina. Long DDx:
Long DDx: hypertension ... , diabetes, HIV, ... ophthalmology #Clinical
Tuberculin Skin Test Interpretation - Threshold for treatment
Induration cutoff >5mm:
 • Recent exposure to an individual
individual with active ... TB disease • HIV ... carcinoma of head/neck/lung ... individuals #Tuberculosis
Cryoglobulinemia Summary

Cryoglobulins:
 • Cryoglobulins are Igs in the serum that precipitate in vitro at temperatures below
Syndrome: • Clinical ... • Infections: HCV ... infection, HBV ... infection, HIV infection ... DDX: • ANCA (Antineutrophil
Miliary Pattern - Chest Radiology
 • Miliary opacities are scattered, small (1 -4 mm) nodules
 •
Pattern - Chest Radiology ... throughout the lungs ... Mycobacterium: Tuberculosis ... - Viral: VZV ... pulmonary #CXR #clinical
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) Infections 

Mycobacterial species other than those belonging to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and
Mycobacterium tuberculosis ... mucogenicum • HIV ... Advanced HIV (CD4 ... Pulmonary Disease: Clinical ... Disease: • Clinical
Septic Arthritis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Clinical Exam: hot, swollen, pain with passive AND active ROM
Management Summary Clinical ... with passive AND active ... chills, malaise Ddx ... Ceftriaxone • HIV ... arthritis in sexually active
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)

What?
CVID: Immunodeficiency disorder with hypogammaglobulinemia -> increased infection risk secondary to impaired B-cell
to 8 years Clinical ... • Chronic lung ... lymphocytic interstitial lung ... DDX - Other causes ... Epstein-Barr syndrome, HIV