10 results
DKA DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA:
1. Serum glucose >250 mg/dL
2. Arterial pH <7.3
3. Serum bicarbonate <18 mEq/L
4. At least
gap metabolic acidosis ... Continue insulin ... and subcutaneous insulin ... gap closes and acidosis ... #DKA #EDKA #Insulin
Ketosis Disorders
Ketone bodies are a normal metabolic energy source. Excessive unregulated production of ketones, often accompanied
by an anion gap acidosis ... • Diabetic ketoacidosis ... by complete insulin ... marked anion gap acidosis ... Disorders #ketones #differential
Diabetic Ketoacidosis 
Management Priorities
1. Fluids 
2. Insulin 
3. Potassium 
4. Acidosis 
5. Re-establish oral fluids,
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... Insulin 3. ... Acidosis 5. ... subcutaneous insulin ... underlying cause #DKA
There are similarities and differences between these 3 conditions which all carry treatment implications. Each mimic
Ketosis (SK), acidosis ... also have Lactic Acidosis ... drips unless also diabetic ... DKA is essentially ... #diagnosis #differential
Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Type A: Impaired O2 Delivery (DO2)
 • Decreased O2 Delivery: Hypotension
Lactic Acidosis ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Leukemia/Lymphoma), Diabetes ... Mellitus +/- DKA ... #Differential #
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... - Metabolic acidosis ... paralysis - Insulin ... #hyperkalemia #differential
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... - Metabolic acidosis ... paralysis - Insulin ... #hyperkalemia #differential
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Elevation, Lactic Acidosis ... - Differential ... • Type B1: - Diabetes ... mellitus/DKA ... #Elevation #Differential
Causes of Myocarditis 
1. Infectious Myocarditis
 • Bacterial - Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Pneumococcus, Meningococcus, Gonococcus, Salmonella, Corynebacterium
immunodeficiency virus-1 DNA ... myasthenia gravis, insulin-dependent ... diabetes mellitus ... Myocarditis #Causes #differential
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Increased plasma insulin ... (treatment of diabetic ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Hypokalemia #Causes #differential