12 results
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
Approach to Headaches ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... papilledema • Horner ... brain lesion • CNS
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
- Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... hypothalamus, and visual cortex ... • CNS Vasculitis ... diagnosis #ophthalmology
Differential diagnoses for the neuro-ophthalmologic finding of diplopia.
Neoplastic: 
 • Intraorbital meningioma 
 • Pituitary adenoma
Differential diagnoses ... Sphenoid sinusitis (CN ... intracranial pressure (CN ... orbitopathy) • Corneal ... hypertension (CN
Blurry Vision - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Anatomical Approach to Eye Disease:
1. Lids/Lashes
2. Extraocular Muscles/Motility
3. Conjunctiva/Sclera
4. Cornea
5. Anterior
Blurry Vision - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Anatomical Approach ... Lateral Geniculate Nucleus ... #diagnosis #ophthalmology
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Heat Stroke - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... No significant CNS ... CNS dysfunction ... temp > 104 F - CNS
Anisocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Physiological - Simple Anisocoria ( <O.5mm)
 - Anisocoria equal
Pupillary Defects - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Fascicle (Other CN ... adrenaline • Cluster Headache ... #Causes #Ophthalmology
Diplopia - Double Vision - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical Pearls:
 • Diplopia is almost always binocular.
 •
Double Vision - Differential ... • CN VI palsy ... for ptosis with CN ... Functional • Corneal ... #Causes #Ophthalmology
Mydriasis and Miosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Causes of Mydriasis:
Dilated pupils (mydriasis) more than 7mm
 • Unilateral
Mydriasis and Miosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Unilateral Mydriasis: CN ... pupil, Migraine Headache ... #diagnosis #ophthalmology
Signs and Symptoms Associated With Different Headache Etiologies
 • Nonfocal mental status changes - Meningitis, encephalitis,
With Different Headache ... Tentorial pressure cone ... movement deficits (CN ... symptoms #clues #differential ... #diagnosis
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
basal ganglia, CNS ... meningitis), MCC CNS ... symptoms (headache ... Behcet disease) Differential ... collaboration • CNS